The Department of Pathology, built in 1958, is one of the most important departments in Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, contributing to pathological diagnosis and understanding the basis of disease, especially to pathological diagnosis and study on nervous system and to professional training in neuropathology and laboratory science, such as nervous system tumors, epilepsy and demyelinating disease, etc. At present the department has completed more than ten thousand cases of the pathological diagnosis in nervous system tumors. With many years clinic practice, the department has accumulated rich, comprehensive and detailed neuropathology professional data and experiences. In view of the advantage of diagnosis in the neuropathology area, the department of pathology has become one of the lead units in the national academic activities of neuropathology in China and organized the Asian neuropathology Conference from 2011 to2013. In addition to regularly hold a clinical pathological conference communication.At the same time, we are also responsible for digital pathology and the regular organization of group consultation, which more than 30 departments of pathology participate in over the country.

Professor Dehong Lu, the director of department of pathology, is also the former director of Asian Society of Neuropathology, Who is good at clinical neuropathological diagnosis, especially for CNS tumor, epilepsy, demyelinating diseases, neurodegenerative disease and cerebral vascular disease. He is leading the department to become one of the first-class departments of pathology in China.

The department of pathology is engaged in the work mainly involved histology, cytology, immunohistochemistry, cell chemistry, molecular biology and other technique methods. Molecular pathological methods, including PCR, ARMS-PCR, FISH, Sanger sequencing, pyrosequencing, MassARRAY, circulating tumor cell detection, and Next generation sequencing, have been well used for the pathological diagnosis. Such as mutations of IDH1/2, H3.1/H3.3, TERT and BRAFV600E, BRAF fusion, RELA fusion, 1p/19q co-deletion, C19MC amplification and MGMT promoter methylation in central nervous system tumors are available in our lab . The other items also incluing mutation of EGFR and fusion of ALK or ROS1 in NSCLC,mutations of KRAS/NRAS/BRAF in colorectal cancer,fusions of BCL2/BCL6/c-myc in lymphomas, and HER-2 amplification in breast cancer, etc. Also we carried out the fine needle aspiration biopsy for the diagnosis of superficial and/or deep tumors. Collaborated with other departments in Xuanwu hospital, we also developed the diagnosis of biopsy nerves, as well as the molecular biology technology, the basic PCR and in situ hybridization work, cell culture and with the clinical research on animal experiments.

More than 10 national or provincial foundation projects, including National Natural Science Fund, have been obtained by our department. Also, ten or more articles are published in the SCI/ Chinese core journals per year.

Teaching is one of the significant missions of the department of Pathology. As one of teaching hospital and pathology residency training base in Beijing, the mission of the department now includes teaching, training and assessment of pathological students, residents and undergraduate students. We have over 10 domestic first-class faculty members, who actively participate in the education of medical students, graduate students, laboratory technologists, clinical residents and fellows in pathology and other disciplines.